የመደብ ወይስ የብሄር ጭቆና?! (ከአብርሃ ደስታ)

እንዲህ ተጠይቋል
“ባለፉ ስርዓታት የነበረ የማሕበረ ፖለቲካ መዋቅር የመደብ የትግል (ጭቆና) መሰረት ያደረገ ነበር ወይስ ብሄር?”
ባለፉ ስርዓታት ጭቆና ነበረ (አሁንም አለ)። በኢትዮጵያ ታሪክ በህዝብ የተመረጠ ህዝብን ለማገለግል የተነሳ መንግስት አልነበረም (የለም)። ስለዚህ ጭቆና አለ። ጭቆናው ምን መሰረት ያደረገ ነው? ብሄር ወይስ መደብ? በኔ እምነት ጭቆናው ከሁለቱም ዉጭ ነው። በኢትዮጵያ የመደብ ጭቆና አልነበረም (የለም)፤ የብሄር ጭቆናም አልነበረም (የለም)። የነበረው (አሁንም ያለው) ጭቆና የኤሊት (Elite) ጭቆና ነው።
እስካሁን ድረስ የመደብ ፖለቲካ የለንም። የመደብ ፖለቲካ ከሌለ የመደብ ጭቆናም የለም። የብሄር ጭቆናም አልነበረም፣ የለም፣ ሊኖርም አይችልም። የመደብ ጭቆና ግን ለወደፊቱ ሊኖር ይችላል።
ያለፉ የኢትዮጵያ ገዥዎች ስልጣን ለመያዝ እንዲሁም በስልጣን ለመቆየት ሲሉ በህዝቦች ላይ በደል አድርሰዋል። በደል ሲያደርሱ ብሄር ወይ መደብ መሰረት አድርገው አይደለም። መደብ ጭራሽኑም አልነበረም፣ የለም። ብሄር ነበር፤ ግን ጭቆናው ብሄር መሰረት ያደረገ ሳይሆን ስልጣን መሰረት ያደረገ ነበር፣ ነው። የኢትዮጵያ ፖለቲካ Class Based Or Nation Based Struggle ሳይሆን Elite vs People Based Power Struggle ነው።
ገዥዎች ስልጣን መያዝና እስከ ህልፈታቸው በስልጣን መቆየት ይፈልጋሉ። ለስልጣናቸው ሲሉ ታድያ ይደግፈናል የሚሉትን የሕብረተሰብ ክፍል ይጠቅማሉ፤ ለስልጣን አደጋ ነው በሚሉት ህዝብ ወይ ግለሰብ ደግሞ ጉዳት ያደርሳሉ፤ ስልጣናቸውን ለማጠናከር። ግን በፖለቲካ አንድን የሕብረተሰብ ክፍል መጥቀም አይቻልም፣ ይከብዳልና። ስለዚህ በሕብረተሰቡ ስም የተወሰኑ ግለሰቦች እንዲጠቀሙ ይደረጋል። ግለሰቦቹ ሲጠቀሙ የመጡበትን ሕብረተሰብ እንደተጠቀመ ተድርጎ ይታሰባል: ለፖለቲካ ፕሮፓጋንዳ ሲባል። ህብረተሰቡ በስልጣን ላይ ያለ ስርዓት “የኛነት” ስሜት ያሳድራል። ለዚህም ፕሮፓጋንዳ ይሰራል። ምክንያቱም የተወሰኑ ግለሰቦች ብቻ ነው መጥቀም የሚቻለው። ለስልጣን የሚረዳው ግን አብዛኝው ህዝብ ነው። ተጠቃሚ ግለሰቦች ታማኝ የስርዓቱ አገልጋዮች ይሆናሉ። በነሱ ታማኝነት ስርዓቱ ዕድሜው ያራዝማል።
ለስልጣን አደጋ የሚሆን ግለሰብ ወይ ማሕበረሰብ ደግሞ የጥቃት ዒላማ ይሆናል። የስልጣን ዒላማ የሚሆነው በመደቡ አልነበረም (በመደቡ ዒላማ ሊደረግ ይችላል ግን መደብ አልነበረም)። በብሄሩም አልነበረም። በግዜው ካልተመቱ የስልጣን ስጋት ይሆናሉ የተባሉትን ግለሰቦች ወይ የሕብረተሰብ ክፍሎች ይጠቃሉ፤ ብሄራቸው ምን ይሁን ምን። ግን በኢትዮጵያ ታሪክ አንዳንድ ብሄሮች የከፋ ጉዳት ደርሶባቸዋል። ለምን? በብሄራቸው ምክንያት? አይደለም። ለስርዓቱ ታማኝ አይደሉም፤ ስጋት ይሆናሉ ስለተባሉ ብቻ ነው።
በኢትዮጵያ ታሪክ የመጎዳትም የመጠቀምም መስፈርት ብሄር ወይ መደብ አይደለም፤ የፖለቲካ ታማኝነት (Political Patrimonial-ism) ነው። በኢትዮጵያ የፖለቲካ ልምድ መሰረት የፖለቲካ ታማኝነት የሚገናኘው ከብሄር ጋር ነው። ሙሉ በሙሉ ባይባልም አንድ ዓይነት ቋንቋ የሚናገሩ ሰዎች የበለጠ ይተማመናሉ (ምክንያቱም ፖለቲካችን መርህ መሰረት ያደረገ ሳይሆን ስሜት መሰረት ያደረገ ነው። በስሜት መነዳት ደግሞ አለመሰልጠን ነው)። አማርኛ ተናጋሪ ስልጣን ከያዘ አማርኛ የሚናገረውን (ሌላ ቋንቋ ከሚናገር) የበለጠ ያምናል። ኦሮምኛ ተናጋሪ ኦሮሞን የበለጠ ያምናል። ትግርኛ ተናጋሪ ትግራዋይን የበለጠ ያምናል። በዚህ መሰረት አማራኛ ተናጋሪ ስልጣን ሲይዝ አማራዎችን ያስቀድማል (ለስልጣኑ ሲል)። ሌሎች ደግሞ ቅሬታ ያድርባቸዋል። ከዛ ለስርዓቱ ታማኝ አይሆኑም። ታማኝ ካልሆኑ በጠላትነት ይፈረጃሉ። በጠላትነት ሲፈረጁ ተጎጂ ይሆናሉ። እነዚህ የስርዓቱ ተጠቃሚ የሚደረጉ ታማኞች ግለሰቦች ናቸው። ብሄር ሙሉ ተጠቃሚ ማድረግ አይቻልምና። ተጎጂዎች ግን ብሄር ሙሉ ወይ የሀገር ህዝብ በሙሉ ሊሆኑ ይችላሉ። ስለዚህ ተጠቃሚዎች ታማኝ ግለሰቦች ናቸው። ተጎጂዎች ግን ብሄር ሊሆኑ ይችላሉ። አንድን ብሄር ሌላኛው ብሄር እየበደለ ነው ይባላል። በዳዮቹ ግን ኤሊቶች (elites) ናቸው። ይህን ነገር ጉዳዩ የብሄር ጭቆና ያስመስለዋል። የብሄር ጭቆና ሊኖር ግን አይችልም።
ስለዚህ ባለፉ ስርዓታት (አሁንም ጭምር) በህዝቦች የሚደርስ በደል አለ። ይህንን በደል ብሄሮች የሚፈጥሩት አይደለም። ያለው በደል በብሄሮች ላይ የተፈፀመ የelites በደል ነው። ኦሮሞዎች የተበደሉ ኦሮሞ ስለሆኑ አልነበረም። ለተመሰረተው ስርዓት ተቀብለው አሜን ብለን እንዲገዙ ለማድረግ የተቃጣ ጥቃት ነው የተፈፀመባቸው። ስለዚህ ጥቃቱ ስልጣን መሰረት ያደረገ ነው። ዒላማው የፖለቲካ ታማኝነትን መሰረት ያደረገ ነው።
አማርኛ ተናጋሪ ንጉሶች ታማኝ ባልሆነ ማንም ሰው እርምጃ ይወስዳሉ። ለዚህም ነው በሁሉም ህዝቦች (አማራን ጨምሮ) በደል የደረሰው። ትግርኛ ተናጋሪ ገዥዎች ታማኝ ባልሆነ ማንኛውም ሰው እርምጃ ይወስዳሉ፤ ለስልጣን ሲሉ። ምሳሌ ህወሓት የትግራይ ልጆች በሆኑ እነ ስየ አብርሃ፣ አውዓሎም ወልዱ፣ አስገደ ገብረስላሴና ሌሎች ታጋዮች ላይ መጥፎ እርምጃ የወሰደው እነኚህ ሰዎች ትግርኛ ተናጋሪ ስላልነበሩ አይደለም። ለስርዓቱ ታማኝ ስላልሆኑ እንጂ።
ስለዚህ በኢትዮጵያ ምድር የደረሰውን እንዲሁም እየደረሰ ያለው ጭቆና ብሄር ወይ መደብ መሰረት ያደረገ ሳይሆን የፖለቲካ ታማኝነት መሰረት ያደረገ ነው። ስለዚህ የኢትዮጵያውያን ጭቆና የብሄር ወይ የመደብ ሳይሆን የፖለቲካ ነው።
It is so!!!

ተጨማሪ ያንብቡ:   የዐብይ አሕመድ መሰወርና የወያኔ ፕሮፓጋንዳ - መስፍን አረጋ

9 Comments

  1. Too little too late! Your forebears know this fact from the start but they intentionally portrayed us as if we were racially oppressor. Still the Tigray children are being taught Amhara is their archenemy. In short, Mr. Abraha, we are now organizing ourselves to give an eye for an eye. We have been persecuted, humiliated, impoverished, exiled, exterminated…… for more than two decades. Now it is time to say ENOUGH IS ENOUGH! But if I may say, better to translate your article and teach Tigre kids and the rest of your people (Tigre, or can call it Tigraway).

  2. እኔ በዚህ ሀሳብ ሙሉ በሙሉ ለመስማማት ይከብደኛል ምክኒያቱም ፅሁፉ እንደሚለው ከሆነ በአለም ላይ የብሄር ጭቆና ተከስቶ አያቅም እንደማለት ነው። ይህን ለማለት የቻልኩበት ምክኒያት (elite) የሆኑት በአንድ ብሄር ውስጥ የተደራጁ እና በቋንቋ ተመሳሳያቸውን በስራቸው ካሰባሰቡ እና በሚገዙት ህዝብ ላይ በተለያዩ ጥቅማጥቅሞች ለእነሱ ቅድሚያ ከሰጡ ፣እንዱሁም በማስቀጠል የእነሱን ገዥነት ለተቀበሉ የሌላ ብሄር ተወላጆችን በስልጠንም ሆነ በሌሎች ጥቅማጥቅሞች ተጠቃሚ ከደረጉ እንዴት ነው ይህን አገዛዝ የብሄር ጭቆናን መሰረት ያደረገ አይደለም ልንል የምንችለው? እንዲያውም እንደዚህ አይነቱ አገዛዝ ሁሉንም የጭቆና አገዛዝ እንደየ አስፈላጊነቱ እና ለገዢዎች እንደሚያስገኝው ጥቅም ተግባራዊ ሲያደርጉት ቆይተዋል አሁንም እያደረጉት ነው ሚገኝው። የሌለው አለም ታሪክም እኮ ከዚህ የተለየ አይደለም። እንደዚህ አይነቱ ጭቆና የብሄር ጭቆና አይደለም ከተባለ በአለም ታሪክ የብሄር ጭቆና ሚባል ነገር ተከስቶ አያቅም ማለት ነው፣ ይሄ ደግሞ የአለም ታሪክ ሁሉ ተቃጥሎ ሌላ ታሪክ ካልተፃፈ ምንም ሊያሳምን አይችልም።

    ድምዳሜ

    በአትዮፒያ ሀሉም ጭቆናዎች ነበሩ ሚያመዝነው ግን የኢሊት (elite) ጭቆና ነው ምክኒያቱም ሰዎች ኢሊት ( elite) ሚሆኑት ብሄራቸውን መሰረት አድርገው ስለሆነ ነው

  3. Abrha I agree with you and it’s good you wrote on this issue . The Ambo university students violence is a result of elite oromo individuals such as Jawar Mohammod’s continuous poisonous propaganda putting ethnicity politics above everything else and presenting this divisive issue as the cause of all our social, political and economic problems. Jawar and his followers continuously use ethnicity politics to achieve their political goals. The Ambo students violence was a result of Jawar’s poisonous ethnically based political propaganda supported by TPLF’s politically motitivated ethnically structured regional political system which aim is to create a conflict among various ethnic groups in order to divide and rule the ethiopian people. Individuals such as Jawar used and took advantage of this poisonous political system to advance their own political interests. Ethnically based politics is a danger to our society and no one would benefit from it.

  4. What about taking their land, displacing them, and committing crimes b/c they were Amhara?

    What do Eskinder Nega, Angualem Aragie, Reyot Alemu, Assefa Maru,… have in common?

    Massacres in
    Arbagugu, bedeno, Welkait, Assosa, Harar, Gara Muleta, Awassa
    Gura Ferda, Benishangul

    Please don’t insult our intelligence by citing few unrelated incidents (Siye Vs. Meles) to imply Tigreans are not beneficial. Siye and Gebru were co-founders of TPLF and their fight with Meles wasn’t struggle to bring democracy or equality. It was over who loves more Eritrea than Tigray.

  5. Dear Abraha!
    Well done.
    Very very exelent analysis.
    God bless you.
    Wish you all the best.
    yours Derbi

  6. @Abraha,
    I wish I get enough time to thoroughly respond to your essay. Unfortunately I have not time now. But want to put here my short comment.
    I have read many of your articles. But I see in your articles where you always want to position yourself. I understand from the writings two positions where you try to play:
    1. You always try to position yourself on this issue a little to center from the TPLF and the majority of Tigrai elite. On many of the issues you try to defend the structure of the TPLF as far as far reaching to benefit the Tigrai people. I have never seen in your essays any article on the universal rights of group of people to define their destiny.
    2. You have a determination to defend the wrongfully acquired wealth of the Tigrai people which include the multi-Billion dollar conglomerate company of Tigrai people, REST.
    3. You have never published on cyber space a statement on the extremely excessive exercises of power on the other people, especially on Oromo people. I am sure you would have written pairs of articles if 5% of what happened to the Oromo people in practically all regions and in nine universities in the last three weeks had happen in a single village to a single person or a pair of individuals in Tigrai region. That is not a sign for a “democrat” and action of a person who likes to right on human rights violation. YOU are more than quiet when it comes to the non-Habasha Ethiopians. This is type of hibernation is not only you as a Tigrai Ethiopina. This is a culture for practically all elites from Tigrai when it comes to the issue of Southern people including Oromo people. I highly appreciate the minority section of the Amhara elites who see injustice against the Oromo people and the others is as it is committed against them or the Amhara people.
    4. If you were a democrat and struggling for a flourishing of democratic system in Ethiopia, you would not try to divert the crime committed against Oromo people in the past weeks as an issue of a class struggle. Your definition of class struggle and understanding of class struggle is immature, and you need to go to the books and read it before just writing your biased feeling as a seasoned writer on class struggle.
    5. You either don’t understand the difference between class struggle and nation struggle. What we see in Ethiopia is mainly based on extremely marginalizing specially one group of people and driving them from their land. But statistical data shows us that the land grasped from this group of people in the cities is overwhelming given in one form or another for Tigrai origin people as residential plots or as industrial estate. The rural land seized from the same group is many given to hundreds of Tigrai “farm investors”. This is not a class operation. This open and statistically known national operation. Yes there are minority Oromo individuals who work for the TPLF who got a leftover from their masters. That does not qualify the case as a class struggle.
    6. At last, not least, please don’t try to undermine people’s intellect when you try to portray yourself as a democrat, but covertly support injustice. Your silence is better than trying to misinform about the justifiable demonstration of the Oromo students by equating it to a class struggle.

  7. ቢያንስ፣ በሃይለስላሴ ዘመነ መንግስት ጊዜ ኣርመናዊው በጁረንዲ ቤት ውስጥ ገብቶ ሲለፈልፈው የነበረው ኣይነት Kaffeesatzleserei ፣ ቢበዛ ደግሞ፣ መላ ትግራይ የርሃብ ተጠቂ ሆኖ እየተገኘ እያለ፣ መለስ ዜናዊ ግደይን ሲያባርር የለፈለፈው ኣይነት “ፀረ ትሮትስኪዝም” የሃብታምና የድሃ ገበሬ ልዩነቶች ኣይነት “ትንተና” ! (ባጭሩ ኣይናችሁን ጨፍኑልኝና ላታልላችሁ ባይ ጮካ!) ፕሮፈሰር መስፍን ከሚተማመንቧቸው “ገና ኣስር ያልሞሉት ኣራት ተስፋ ያላቸው ተጋሩ” ሊስት ውስጥ መሰረዝ የሚገባው:: ኣርመኑ ጠንቋይ ከጀርባው ሞጃዎች ነበሩለት፣ መለስም ከጀርባው ስብሕስት ነጋ ነበረለት፣ ይሄስ ማንን ከጀርባው ተማምኖ ነው ኣይናችሁን ጨፍኑና ላታልላችሁ እያለን ያለው? መስፍን ወልደማርያምን ወይንስ ገብሩ ኣስራትን…!? ፍንቺር እያልሽ ነይልኝ ኣለ ያገሬ ሰው!

  8. The word oppression is defined as to subject a person or people to a harsh or cruel form of domination. Such treatment of our people did exist in the past and is more acute now than before under the narrow minded TPLF junta. Domination often occur along the fault lines of political ideology, laced with ethnic and other flavors of the political structure.
    In the past Ethiopian Students fought for democracy, along many slogans without care to any ethnic group or language. That all changed when the TPLF and their divorced comrade EPLF joined the political arena. What we have in Asmara and Ethiopia is paranoid Ethnic based political groups with no care for life and unity of people. In the end, no one will benefit from ethnic based politics no matter what they preach to us.

  9. ABRAHA
    true t has never been ye biher chikona rather there has been YE MEDEB CHIKONA and The regimes Who ruled Ethiopia would kill and arrest any body who stood against them and the sad thing is that the REGIMES who ruled Ethiopia oppressed and alienated the AMHARA region from any sort of development, there has never been any sort of government intervention to improve the lives of the peasants or the people who lived in AMAHRA region
    The truth is not like WOYANES present to convince their blind followers about YE BIHER CHIKONA, WOYANES always mention the TIGRAY peasants rebellion to assert their case however when the TIGRAY peasant rebelled against the HAILESILLASE regime THE GOJJAM peasants also rebelled against the regime for the same reason and bombed several times than the TIGRAY peasants and even the peasant of GOJJAM were also bombed during the derg regime for raising and protesting the same issue related with land

    WOYANES always talk about the presence of ONE FACTORY in TIGRAY during the derg regime and this has been the main example they raise to convince their blind their followers TIGRAY was intentionally underdeveloped,
    However there was only one TEXTILE FACTORY IN GOJJAM when the derg regime falls, this shows how not only TIGRAY was the subject of repression but also AMHARAS were victims of the very regime they were associated with

    WOYANES demonize menilk for brutality however YOHANNE’s brutality has no match what YOHANNES did to the people of GOJJAM was unmatched to anything happened to Ethiopia, he killed thousands of GOJJAM people and looted their property and destroy their crops and that destruction eventually caused the GREAT FAMINE which was the worst famine in the history of Ethiopia
    i am writing this to let you know that TIGRIANS were not the only victims of the regimes who ruled Ethiopia, AMHARAS also payed the price and were subjected to oppression like any other euthenics

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