November 16, 2017
11 mins read

“ተስፈኛው ባለሃብት” – ከሚኪያስ ሙሉገታ

ኢትዮጵያ ለፍተው ጥረው ኃብት ያካባቱ ሰዎች ነበሯት። እነ አቶ ከድር ኤባና በቀለ ሞላ ለሃገራቸው ብዙ ከለፉ ባለጸጋዎች መካከል ነበሩ። ትልቁነገር ለፍተው ጥረው አንቱ የተባሉትም ሆነ የሕዝብ ኃብት መዝብረው የከበሩ፣ ኃብቶቻቸው በስሞቻቸው ወይንም በልጆቻቸው ወይን በዘመዶቻቸው የተመዘገቡ ነበሩ። ዛሬ ለየት ይላል።

ገና አስቀድሞ አምባገነንነትን ለመጣል ታገልን የሚሉት በብዙ ሺህ የትግራይ ልጆች ደም ተረማምደውመዲና ከተማዋን አዲስ አበባን የተቆጣጠሩት “ተጋዳላዮች” ዋነኛ ዓላማቸው የሃገሪቱን ኃብት ስልታዊ በሆነ መንገድ ሙሉ ለሙሉ መቆጣጠር ነበር።ኤፈርት የተባለው በሕጋዊ መንገድ የተመዘገበው ትልቅ ኮርፖሬሽን ዋነኛ ሥራው የቱባ ባለስልጣናትንኃብት ማጠራቀም ሲሆን ሌላኛው ስልት ደግሞ ሕንጻውን፣ የኮንስትራክሽንና የትራንስፖርት ድርጅቶችን፣ ፋብሪካውን፣ ሆቴሉን፣ እንዱስትሪውን፣ የቡናና ጫት ንግዱን፣ ጉዲፈቻውን፣ ወዘተ፣ በማይታወቅሰው ስም አዙሮ መቆጣጠሩ ነው። ይህ የነሱን ኃብት በስሙ አስመዝግቦ የባርነት አደራውን የሚወጣው “ተስፈኛ” ኃብታም ቢመስልም ኃብታም እንዳልሆነ ውስጡ ያውቀዋል። በሰው ፊት ቸርና ለጋሽ ሆኖየመቅረቡ ስልታዊ አካሄዱ ደግሞ ስለሚያሳፍረውዓዕምሮውን አንካሳ አድርጎታል።

ኃብት ደክመው ለፍተው ሲያገኙት እርካታን ይሰጣል። በንጉሡና በደርግ ዘመን በሙሰናና በዓየር ባየር ገንዘብ ያካብቱ ኃብታሞች ቢኖሩም እንኳን እንዲህ እንደዛሬው አሳፋሪ ደረጃ ላይ አልደረሰም ነበር። በንጉሡ ዘመን የነበሩት ጥቂት በንጉሡ ልጆች ወይም በከፍተኛ ባለሥልጣኖች ተይዘው የነበሩኃብቶች በቀላሉ ተወርሰዋል። በደርግ ዘመን ባለሥልጣናት በራሳቸውም ይሁን በሌሎች ስም ያስመዘገቡት ኃብት እንደነበር ብዙም አልተነገረም። እንደውም አብዛኛዎቹ ባለስልጣናት መኖርያ ቤት እንኳንአልነበራቸውም ይባላል።

ዛሬ ሙስናን መዋጋቱ ከባድ የሆነው በርካታ ትላልቅ ተቋሞችና ድርጅቶች “በተስፈኞች” ስም ተመዝግበው መያዛቸው ነው። ወይዘሮዋ “ኃብት በስሜ ከተገኘ ይወረስ” ያሉት ከኤፈርት ውጭ ያለውን ጠቅላላ ኃብታቸውን በሚያምኗቸው ተስፈኞች ስም ስላስቀመጡ ነው። ቢሆንላቸው አብዛኛዎቹ ባለሥልጣናትየሥራ መልቀቅያ እያስገቡ ኃላፊነታቸውን ቢለቁናቻይና ሄደው ያካበቱትን ቢበሉ ደስተኞች ነበሩ።እነሱም እኮ ሰው ናቸው፣ ትግሉ በፈረጠመ ቁጥርይሰጋሉ። ከዚህ ቀደም አስራ ሰባት ዓመት በጦርነት ኋላም ሃያ ስድስት ዓመት አዲስ አበባ ውስጥሲኖሩ እንደ ሂሳብ ሹም በተለያዩ ሰዎች ያስመዘገቡትን የሙስና ኃብቶቻቸውን ቀንና ሌት ሲቆጣጠሩዓዕምሯቸው ባክኗል። የቀድሞዎቹ “ተጋዳላይ” የዛሬዎቹ “አካውንታንት” የሙስና ኃብቶቻቸውን ኃብትበአደራ የሰጡትን ተስፈኛ እስከመርሳት የደረሱምአሉ።

ነገ አደራውን የሚረከበው መንግሥት በሙስና የተገነቡ ንብረቶች ወደ መንግሥት ኃብትነት ማዞሩ እጅግ ይከብደዋል። ከቱባው ሙሰኛ ባለስልጣን ጀርባያሉትን “ተስፈኞች” ለማወቅ የግለሰቦችን የኋላየገንዘብ ታሪክ ማጥናቱ ራሱ ትልቅ ሥራ ነው። ቀድሞ “ጋሪ ነጂ” ወይንም “ሱቅ በደሬቴ” የነበረጮሌ ሰው ባለትልቅ ፋብሪካ ሊሆን ይችላል። የዚህን ዓይነቱን ሰው የኃብት ክምችት ማጣራቱ ቀላልሊሆን ቢችልም የሁሉንም ተስፈኞች ኃብት ማጣራቱደግሞ ሁሌም ቀላል ሊሆን አይችልም። በርካታ ኃብቶች ወደ ዶላርና ወርቅ እየተለወጡ ወደ ውጭ ሃገር ወጥተዋል። በውጭ ሃገራትም ሃብታም የሆኑ “ስውር ተስፈኞች” አሉ። ይህን ሁል ማጣራቱ ቀላልም ከባድም ሊሆን ይችላል። ኢትዮጵያ እንዲህ ተመዝብራ፣ ሙሰኞች እንዲህ ቀልደውባት አያውቅም።

“ተስፈኛው ባለኃብት” ኃብታም ለመባል በተስፋ የሚኖር ተላላ ነው። በስው ፊት ቸርና ለጋሽ በመምሰል አክብሮትን የሚፈልገው ተስፈኛ ዋነኛው የኃብቱ ምንጭ የሆነው ቱባው ባለስልጣን የሚሰነዝርበትቁጣና ዘለፋ ደግሞ ያኮስሰዋል። “አንተ፣ ዋ፣ገንዘቤን መጫወቻ አደረከው አይደል” የሚለው በየቀኑ በስልክ የሚሰማው የቱባው ሙሰኛው አለቃው ድምጽ ያስበረግገዋል። ሰዎች ኃብታም እየመሰላቸውበየምርቃቱና ስብሰባው የሚጋብዙት ይህ “ተስፈኛ”እየዛቀ የሚለግሰው ገንዘብ ጭብጨባ ብቻ አይደለም ታላቅ ቁጣና ዛቻንም ያስከትልበታል። እንደ አውሮፕላን የምትበር ዘመናዊ መኪና የገዛው “ተስፈኛ” ከፊት ለፊቱ በርካታ ሰዎችን ሲመለከት ልቡምእንዲሁ በስጋት ትበራለች። ታድያ ሙስና ላይ የሚደረገው ውጊያ እንዲከሽፍ በማድረግ ረገድ ደግሞከቱባው ሙሰኛ ባለሥልጣን የበለጠ ትግል ያደርጋል። ተስፈኛው ለሙሰኛ ገዢ ኅልውና ሲል በጽናትየሚታገል ባርያ ነው። የዚህ ዓይነቱ የመደብ ትግል በታሪክ የመጀመርያው ነው።

የተስፈኛ የምጣኔ ኃብት ዘርፍን የፈለሰፈው ሂትለር ባይሆንም እንኳን እርሱ ግን በከፍተኛ ደረጃበሥራ ላይ አውሎታል። ሂትለር ከእስራኤሎች ተሰብስቦ በአራት ማዕዘን እየተጠፈጠፈ ያሰራውን ወርቅስማቸው ለማይታወቅ ሰዎች አድሏል። እነዚህ ተስፈኞች በሂትለር የመጨረሻዎቹ የጭንቅ ሠዓታት ወደውጭ ሃገር በተለይም ወደ ደቡብ አሜሪካ ሸሽተዋል። እነዚያ ሰዎች እስከቅርብ ቀን ድረስ እየታደኑ ቢያዙም እስካሁን ያልታወቀ ኃብትም በወራሾቻቸው ስም በየሃገሩ ይገኛል።

“ተስፈኛው ባለሃብት” ኃብታም ለመሆን ሲል ባዶተስፋን ሰንቆ የሙሰኛን ኃብት ተሸክሞ የሚዞር “ማሞ ቂሎ” ሰው

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